SEN & Mental Health – Is there an increased risk?

Fay Stephenson • May 16, 2021
Female Mental Health
For many years now we have seen an increase in children and young people with SEN (Special Educational Needs) who also have mental health concerns. Research has shown that a child with a learning difference is six times more likely to develop a mental health issue during their lifetime, than a child without one (Emerson and Hatton, 2007). However, as with many young people, the full extent of the problem remains unknown.

The NHS describes SEN as ‘A child or young person has special educational needs if they have a learning difficulty that means they need special health and education support, we shorten this to SEN. ‘

Research has shown that children and young people with an SEN:
• Are more likely to experience increased levels of anxiety. 
• Are at greater risk for depression. 
• May experience higher levels of loneliness.  
• May have a lower self-esteem.
• Are at greater risk of substance abuse.
• May be at greater risk of anti-social behaviour.

Some children are lucky enough to receive not only the learning support that they require, but also the emotional support too; for an adult in their lives to recognise the signs and step in. But what about those children who fall through the gaps; who don’t have the all-encompassing support that we as a society perhaps take for granted. Children who have learnt through earlier ‘failure’ that there is no point trying. Young people can easily develop self-defeating strategies that impact on their mental health.

Every child and young person deserve a positive role adult model in their lives. The Island is here to enhance the lives of these young people through sustainable, quality, mentoring relationships. 

“I hated going to school, and got bullied and don’t like literacy. Since I met my mentor, I feel happy at school, pay more attention and don’t get in trouble as much. And it’s made my Mum happier.” Jenny, Year 6

Promoting mental wellbeing is important for all children, but particularly if a child or young person has special educational needs. Children need to develop the skills to understand and express their emotions, and to develop strategies for coping with the ups and downs of life. If your child has special educational needs, it can be particularly hard to recognise mental health struggles. 

Tips and Advice

The following tips have been suggested by Scope from parents and professionals with experience of caring for children and young people with SEN.


1.      Try to support your child in making choices to maximise their independence.

2.      Support children to develop the skills to understand and express their emotions from an early age, using pictures, signs and other communication aids.

3.      Start a worry box with your child, especially if they have high anxiety levels. At the end of each day, talk about all the things they’re worrying about and encourage them to put them in the box. Every now and then open the box and talk about each worry, how your child is feeling and share some ways to handle the worry.

4.      Encourage children to express and release their emotions in ways that suit them – whether that’s through art, music, movement, etc.

5.      Sometimes it’s easier for children to write down how they’re feeling, rather than expressing it verbally.

6.      Many children with special educational needs have their own unique way of coping. Find out what works for them.

7.      Teach strategies for coping with difficult situations, such as deep breathing, counting to 10 or down from 10. Break cards are useful for allowing children with special educational needs to leave a situation they find uncomfortable; they can use the card to tell people they want to leave.

The Island

Through feedback and discussions with local schools, we now offer ‘Islands of space and time to vulnerable students in Key Stage Two through our school’s-based mentoring programme. They are proving hugely successful at primary schools across York with mentored children and young people gaining better school attendance, a better chance of going on to higher education, and better attitudes towards school. Working with schools we’ve seen a 100% rise in students' confidence and a 130% increase in their self-esteem.


It is important that we support the whole child, and not ‘focus’ on a diagnosis alone. As CEO, Nigel Poulton says “All children and young people have undiscovered potential and through mentoring we can create islands of time and space for them to see it and believe in themselves.” Positive early-intervention to improve the social and emotional environment for all children and young people, shows a shift towards using psychology to enhance children’s life chances rather than just to fix emerging problems.



Find out more about what services and support The Island offers here The Island - Enhancing children's quality of life through mentoring and take the first step to making a real change in a young person's life.

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